Hvem daterede Ludvig 15. af Frankrig?

Ludvig 15. (fransk: Louis XV) (15. februar 1710 – 10. maj 1774) var konge af Frankrig fra 1715 til 1774.

Louise-Jeanne Tiercelin de La Colleterie (26 December 1746 – 5 July 1779), known as Madame de Bonneval, was a mistress to King Louis XV of France from 1762 to 1765. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

Marie Anne de Mailly-Nesle, duchesse de Châteauroux (French pronunciation: [maʁi an də maji nɛl]; 5 October 1717 – 8 December 1744) was the youngest of five famous de Nesle sisters, four of whom would become mistresses of King Louis XV of France. Marie Anne was the King's mistress from 1742 until 1744.

Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, marquise de Pompadour [påpa’du.r], kendt som Madame de Pompadour (født 29. december 1721 i Paris, død 15. april 1764 sammesteds). Hun var Ludvig XV af Frankrigs mest bekendte mætresse og fik stor politisk indflydelse ved hoffet. Hun har også givet navn til en stilretning inden for rokokoen, til en frisure og en rosa farve. Hendes bror var Abel-François Poisson de Vandières, senere marquis de Marigny, som også fik indflydelse ved hoffet.

Hendes moder var gift med François Poisson, der var ansat på et meget anset bankierfirmas kontor; men da hun åbenlyst stod i forhold til en af generalforpagterne af skatterne, Charles François Paul Le Normant de Tournehem, er det ikke usandsynligt, at han er biologisk fader til fru Poissons barn, og han sørgede da også for, at Pompadours fik en fortrinlig uddannelse, så hun kom i besiddelse af alle de kundskaber og færdigheder, en fuldendt verdensdame måtte råde over. Derimod blev hendes moralske opdragelse aldeles forsømt. 1741 blev hun gift med generalforpagterens brodersøn, Charles-Guillaume Le Normant d'Étiolles, men hun gik allerede efter at blive Ludvig XV's mætresse. (Den eftertragtede værdighed skal være blevet spået hende, medens hun var barn). Målet var at spille en hovedrolle i den store verden. Omsider lykkedes det hende at tiltrække sig kongens opmærksomhed ved sin skønhed og elegante optræden, og september 1745 blev hun udnævnt til markise af Pompadour (en landsby i departement Corrèze med et slot, som kongen skænkede hende) og indført ved hoffet som officiel mætresse, medens hendes ægteskab med d'Étiolles blev ophævet ifølge skilsmissedom. Fra nu af gik, som hun selv har sagt, hendes liv hen i uafbrudt kamp og anstrengelse for at bevare kongens gunst og holde fjender og medbejlere stangen. At det lykkedes hende i 23 år, er et vidnesbyrd om hendes snarrådighed og energi. Først og fremmest måtte hun søge at overvinde den dræbende kedsomhed, der gjorde tilværelsen tung og trykkende for den tidligt sløvede konge, og med en beundringsværdig opfindsomhed og en ikke ringe smag vidste hun da gennem en uafladelig strøm af sindrigt vekslende fester og forlystelser at få tiden til at gå for ham.

Regningen, der løb op i mange millioner, tog hun intet hensyn til. Også på andre måder gjorde hun sig uundværlig for ham, idet hun, da hun ikke længere selv formåede at fængsle ham, forsynede ham med nye elskerinder; fra 1756 ophørte hun at være kongens mætresse og lod sig da udnævne til æresdame hos dronningen.

Hun optrådte som beskytterinde af digtere, kunstnere og videnskabsmænd, var selv kunstnerisk begavet i flere retninger, stod forstående over for de nye betydningsfulde strømninger i datidens åndsliv og vandt alles beundring ved sin åndslivlighed og hele fortryllende optræden. Kunsthåndværket har hende at takke for mangen påvirkning: en møbelstil har fået hendes navn, og den navnkundige porcelænsfabrik i Sèvres (først i Vincennes) har hun skabt. Men også på statsstyrelsens område greb hun efterhånden mere og mere ind, afsatte og indsatte ministre og embedsmænd og blev til sidst den, hvis tilslutning behøvedes i enhver sag af nogen betydning, skønt hun ganske manglede forståelse af, hvad der tjente landet bedst. Navnlig led hæren under, at hun besatte de høje kommandoposter med sine favoritter, hvad der fik uheldige følger under Syvårskrigen. At Frankrig deltog i denne krig skyldtes delvist Pompadour, der var vundet af den østrigske regerings smigrerier og håbede, at de forventede sejre skulle befæste hendes stilling; men de slette resultater af krigsoperationerne og den ugunstige fred (1763) bevirkede det modsatte: folkets uvilje mod hende steg til had, og det var vistnok heldigt for hende, at hun døde året efter (1764).

Lucie Madeleine d'Estaing, dame de Ravel, est née le 10 mai 1743 à Paris et morte le 7 avril 1826 à Clermont-Ferrand.

Françoise de Chalus (bap. Chalus, 24 February 1734 - Paris, 7 July 1821), was a French noblewoman and courtier. She was the mother of Louis, comte de Narbonne-Lara, possibly by King Louis XV. She was the lady-in-waiting of Louise Élisabeth of France in 1749–59, and the influential favorite lady-in-waiting of Princess Adélaïde of France in 1764–1800.

Marie Anne de Coislin (1732-1817), was a French aristocrat, known as the mistress to Louis XV of France in 1755. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

She was the daughter of the marquis Louis de Mailly (1696-1767) and the lady-in-waiting Anne Françoise Elisabeth Arbaleste de Melun and married in 1750 to the duke Charles Georges René du Cambout de Coislin (d. 1771), but they separated early on and she moved back with her parents.

In 1755, Louis François, Prince of Conti launched her as his candidate to replace Madame de Pompadour as official mistress of the king. She was the first serious candidate to be put up against Madame de Pompadour since Charlotte Rosalie de Choiseul-Beaupré, and she was also to be the last. She did succeed to be the secret lover of the king, which attracted some attention at court. She became known as l'altière Vasthi. Ultimately, however, the plot failed, and she was ousted from court by Madame de Pompadour. After this, there was no more serious rival to replace Madame de Pompadour, and the king mainly settled with his unofficial lovers at the Parc-aux-Cerfs.

Marie Anne de Coislin had affairs with the Prince de Conti and the count de Coigny, and was claimed to have had affairs with Christian VI of Denmark, Gustav III of Sweden and Peter III of Russia. It is unknown if these rumours where true, but Christian VI and Gustav III did visit her during their visits to Paris, which attracted attention at the time.

She did not leave France during the French Revolution, but lived as a servant in Rouen, Brittany and Vendée during the Reign of Terror. After the fall of Robespierre, she resumed her former life and property. She remarried in 1793 to Louis-Marie duc de Mailly (d. 1795).

Irène du Buisson de Longpré (c. 1720–1767), was a French noblewoman, mistress to Louis XV of France. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

Marie Thérèse Françoise Boisselet (1731 – 1800) was a petite maîtresse of King Louis XV of France.

Boisselet was born to Pierre Sulpice Boisselet and Marie Thérèse Carouailles. Her father was an employee of the king's kitchen staff, with the title 'Contrôleur de la Bouche du Roi et chef du gobelet de Mme la Dauphine'. Marie Thérèse Françoise Boisselet was described as a beauty, and she agreed to become the lover of the king. The affair was not an official one; she was recruited to be a petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress) of the king in Parc-aux-Cerfs. She had one child with the king, Charles Louis Cadet de Gassicourt (1769–1821).

In 1771, she married the chemist Louis Claude Cadet de Gassicourt, who adopted her son. According to Paul Thiébault, Louis XV benefitted the career of Cadet de Gassicourt in the Royal Academy because of his marriage to his former lover.

Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil, marquise du Châtelet (født 17. december 1706 i Paris, død 10. september 1749 i Lunéville) var en fransk matematiker, fysiker og forfatter under oplysningstiden. Hun er mest kendt for sin oversættelse af Isaac Newtons monumentale værk, Principia Mathematica, med sine egne kommentarer. Châtelets udgave anses for standardoversættelsen. Hun regnes for en af de første kvindelige forskere.

Louise Julie de Mailly Nesle, condesa de Mailly (1710-París, 1751) fue la mayor de las cinco hermanas de Nesle, cuatro de las cuales fueron amantes del rey Luis XV, en su caso lo fue de 1732 a 1742.

Diane Adélaïde de Mailly-Nesle, Duchesse de Lauraguais (11 February 1713 – 3 November 1769 in Paris) was the third of the five famous de Nesle sisters, four of whom would become the mistress of King Louis XV of France. She was his mistress on and off from 1742 to 1745.

Marguerite-Catherine Haynault (1736–1823) was a French noblewoman, mistress to Louis XV from 1759 to 1762. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

She was born in Paris as the daughter of the tobacco merchant Jean-Baptiste Haynault and Catherine Coupris de La Salle. In 1759, she was recruited to be a petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress) of the king in Parc-aux-Cerfs by Dominique Guillaume Lebel.

She served as the king's lover with Lucie-Madeleine d'Estaing, who lived in the Parc-aux-Cerfs at the same time and alternated with her, one replacing the other in the king's bed during their pregnancies; Louise-Jeanne Tiercelin de La Colleterie was also housed there, while Anne Couppier de Romans had refused and was given her own house. She had two daughters with the king: Agnès-Louise de Montreuil (born 1760) and Anne-Louise de La Réale (born 1762), who were officially registered with two officers as fathers. Her daughters were both taken from her, raised in the convent school Chaillot, and given noble status, dowries and arranged marriages with noblemen as adults.

The king discontinued their relationship in 1762, and she was awarded a pension. In 1766, she married Blaise Arod, Marquis de Montmelas-Saint-Sorlin (d. 1815).

She left France during the French Revolution and lived abroad during the Reign of Terror. After the fall of Maximilien Robespierre, she returned to France, applied to be removed from the list of emigres and reclaimed her property.

Pauline Félicité de Mailly-Nesle, née à Paris en 1712 et morte le 9 septembre 1741, par son mariage comtesse de Vintimille (1739), est une favorite de Louis XV.

Marie Catherine Éléonore Bénard (Catherine Éléonore Bernard; 1740 – 23 February 1769) was a French lady-in-waiting and alleged petite maîtresse to King Louis XV of France in 1768-69.

Marie-Louise O'Murphy (aussi appelée « Mademoiselle de Morphy », « la belle Morphise », « Louise Morfi » ou « Marie-Louise Morphy de Boisfailly »), née le 21 octobre 1737 à Rouen, morte le 11 décembre 1814 à Paris, connue comme le modèle d'un tableau de François Boucher, est l'une des petites maîtresses de Louis XV.

Anne Couppier de Romans (1737 –1808) was a petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress) of King Louis XV of France from 1760 to 1765.

Madame du Barry, geboren als Marie-Jeanne Bécu (Vaucouleurs, 19 augustus 1743 – Parijs, 8 december 1793), was een beroemde maîtresse van Lodewijk XV van Frankrijk. Zij was van bescheiden afkomst, maar haar relaties met rijke mannen vergrootten haar sociale status aanzienlijk.