Hvem daterede Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan?

Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Marquise of Montespan (5 October 1640 – 27 May 1707), commonly known as Madame de Montespan (French: [madam də mɔ̃tɛspɑ̃]), was a French noblewoman and the most celebrated royal mistress of King Louis XIV. During their romantic relationship, which lasted from the late 1660s to the late 1670s, she was sometimes referred to by contemporaries as the "true Queen of France" due to the pervasiveness of her influence at court.

Born into the House of Rochechouart, one of the oldest noble families of France, Françoise-Athénaïs married the Marquis of Montespan in 1663. She then became a maid of honour to Princess Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans, and later a lady-in-waiting to Queen Maria Theresa. Noted for her great beauty and wit, she carefully cultivated a relationship with Louis XIV and eventually supplanted Louise de La Vallière as his favourite. She had seven children by the king, six of them later legitimised but only four survived infancy. She mostly entrusted her children to Madame Scarron, who as the Marquise de Maintenon was later to replace her in the king's affections.

Madame de Montespan's alleged involvement in the Affair of the Poisons, which began in 1677, severely damaged her reputation and resulted in her fall from royal favour. In 1691, she withdrew to the convent of Filles de Saint-Joseph in Paris, but left thirteen years later when she relocated to the Château d'Oiron. She devoted the rest of her life to charity, patronage and penance until her death in 1707 at the age of 66. She is an ancestress of several royal houses in Europe, including those of Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, Portugal, Belgium and Luxembourg.

Ludvig 14. (fransk: Louis XIV, Louis le Grand; født 5. september 1638 i Saint-Germain-en-Laye, død 1. september 1715 i Versailles) var konge af Frankrig fra 1643 til 1715. Han kaldes Solkongen (fransk: le Roi Soleil).

Ludvig 14. er det klassiske eksempel på en enevældig konge. Udtalelsen; L'État, c’est moi! – Staten, det er mig! tilskrives ham, men med urette. Han styrkede kronens magt ved udbygning af den statslige forvaltning, ved at bekæmpe adelens opposition og ved at støtte det franske erhvervsliv. Livet ved hoffet blev helt og holdent tilpasset monarkens person. Hans prægtige fremtoning blev et symbol på hans fremtrædende stilling. Kongen støttede kunsten og videnskaben; det førte til en blomstringstid for fransk kultur. Ludvig fulgte en krigerisk udenrigspolitik, så Frankrig under hans regeringstid fik en stærkt dominerende placering i Europa. Han sad 72 år og 110 dage på tronen - fra 14. maj 1643, da han var fire år og otte måneder gammel, indtil han døde 1. september 1715, fire dage før han ville være fyldt 77 i september 1715. Han er dermed det længst regerende statsoverhoved i Europas historie.