Hvem daterede Françoise Pitel?

Françoise "Fanchon" Pitel de Longchamp (17 January 1662 – 30 September 1721) was a French actress, professionally known by her stage name Mademoiselle Raisin. She retired from the theater in 1701 and became a mistress of Louis, le Grand Dauphin, by whom she had three daughters.

She was born on 17 January 1662 in Grenoble, Dauphiné to Henri Pitel de Longchamp and Charlotte Legrand. Her father, mother, maternal grandfather, sister (Anne) and brother-in-law were all actors. Her uncle Jean Patin (1635-1709), also an actor, was married to Jeanne Beauval, an actress who was famous for her contagious laughter.

Françoise Pitel was engaged in 1679 at the Royal theater company of Hôtel de Bourgogne (theatre), and became a pioneer member of the Comédie-Française in 1680. She belonged to the star attractions of the theatre and successfully performed roles as heroine ingenues in comedies and princesses in tragedies.

On 27 November 1679 she married the talented French actor Jean-Baptiste Raisin (born 1656 in Troyes, died 1693). Over the course of their fourteen-year marriage, she had eight children with him.

As a widow she became a mistress of Louis de Bourbon, Dauphin of France and had three daughters by him:

• Mlle de Fleury, born in Meudon, died young.
• Anne-Louise, Mlle de Fleury, later Mme d'Avaugour (1695 – August 1716), married Anne Errard, marquis d'Avaugour.
• Charlotte, Mlle de Fleury, later Mme de La Jonchère (6 February 1697 – 1750), married Gérard Michel de La Jonchère.

In 1701, she was persuaded to retire from the stage to become full time mistress of the Dauphin. When he died in 1711, she lived comfortably on a pension.

She died on 30 September 1721 in Vignats.

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Ludvig af Frankrig (fransk: Louis de France), kaldet Monseigneur og (efter sin død) Den Store Dauphin (fransk: le Grand Dauphin) (født 1. november 1661, død 14. april 1711) var fransk tronfølger fra 1661 til 1711.

Han var den ældste søn af kong Ludvig 14. af Frankrig i hans ægteskab med Maria Theresia af Østrig og var tronfølger fra fødslen. Han giftede sig med Maria Anna Victoria af Bayern (1660–1690) i 1680. De fik tre børn:

• Ludvig (1682–1712), far til den senere franske konge Ludvig 15.
• Filip (1683–1746), konge af Spanien som Filip 5. 1700–1746
• Karl (1686–1714), hertug af Berry

Han blev enkemand i 1690 og giftede sig hemmeligt i 1695 med sin elskerinde Marie-Émilie de Joly de Choin (1670-1732).

Ludvig døde i 1711. Da han døde fire år før sin far, overtog hans ældste søn, Ludvig, positionen som tronfølger, men da han også døde før Ludvig 14., blev det hans søn, Ludvig, der efterfulgte sin oldefar som konge af Frankrig i 1715.

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